Heating and ventilating unit



M. J. CALLAHAN HEATING AND VENTILATING UNIT Nov. 20, 1928.

Filed Jan. 19, 1924 v 4 sheets-sheet' 1 Nomzo, 1928.` 1,692,330 M. J.cALLAHAN y HEATING AND VENTILATING UNIT' A Filed Jan.19, 1924 4sneetgfsheet 2 2 /IV VEN TOR i amy/EL Nov. 2o, 192s. wams@ M. J.CALLAHAN HEATING AND VENTILATING UNIT Filed Jan. 19, 1924 4 sheets-sheet3 /m/E/vro:

Nov. 20, 1928.

M. J. CALLAHAN f HEATING AND VEN'TILATING UNI;1

Filed Jan. 19,' 1924 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 ORA/EV.

Patented Nov. 20, 1928..

i UNITED STA TES4 MICHAEL J. CALLAHAN, F NEW YORK, N'. Y. Y

'HEATING AND VENTILATIN'G UNIT.

Application filed January 19, `1924. Serial No. 687,199.

This invention has reference to ventilating apparatus or, so-called,Ventilating units, and particularly has reference to devices, apparatusor units adapted for individual installation in schools, houses, loftsandvbuildings generally, as well as Where the usual heating andVentilating apparatus or systems would be impracticable or tooexpensive.

Among the objects of my invention maybec 1,0 noted the following; toprovide al heating andventilating machine, apparatus or unit which isadapted to be located in a room, the temperature of which is lto becontrolled, and to 5 be installed at a window and around a radiator, oraround the latter in placeswhere an opening may be made in the buildingwall for the ingress of air, said unit to have a certain mode ofoperation imposed thereon by mechanism of my invention; to provide aunit, such as referred to, comprising certain essential elements whichare adapted to suppl fresh air from the outside of the building,

heat/,said fresh air to the desired temperature,

and deliver the heated air into the room or space Where the apparatus orunit is located under control of certain mechanism of my invention; toprovide a heating and ventilating unit adapted to convert Ifresh, coldair into air heated to the desired temperature, and deliver the same tothe room or space Where vthe apparatus is located, and also to Kcontrolthe operation of such apparatus or unit through novel mechanisms ordevices of my invent-ion which are affected by changes of temperature inthe said room; to provide a strong, durable, compact and effectiveapparatus adapted fr producing the results and functions noted i-n theforegoing. and lwhich, in its operation, is controlled by thetemperature inthe room where the unit is located, and, `under suchcontrol, is adapted to take in cold, fresh air and-deliver the same intothe room heated to the desired temperature; to provide an apparatus,machine or unit of a type .such as described in the foregoing which isso constructed as to prevent the radiation of heat into the room orspace where the unit is located, as distinguished from delivering heatedair into such room or space; to provide details of construction suchthat the apparatus or unit may deliver all hot air into the room, allcold airinto the room, or air so heated under thermostatic control ofdampers that the air passing through the unit may be delivered into theroom at practically any temperature which may be desired or which may bepredetermined according to the adjustment of a thermostatic or similarcontrolling device; to provide for the intake of cold, fresh air throughthe wall of the building, the delivery of said air to a blower, andthedelivery of said air from the unit either h ot or cold, or heated to thedesired or predetermined temperature, the results being brought abouteither by automatic controllingmeans or hand controlling means.; toprovide an apparatus of the type noted in the foregoing, vand capable ofproducing the functions and carrying out the modes of operation stated,with cleaning and humidifying means, whereby the -air passing throughthe apparatus may be cleansed of impurities or particles ,and deliveredinto the room of location of the apparatus with more or less ofhumidity; to provide means by which recirculation of air through a unit'apparatus y may be provided for, and by which cold air may be delivereddirectly from the outside of a building through the apparatus into theroom where the latter is located Without being tempered-by the heat inthe apparatus; to lprovide certain novel devices in a heating andVentilating unit including 1) a duplexV damper the parts of which aresimultaneously operated and which control the direction in, through andfrom the radiator of the cold, hot and tempered air, (2) ,thermostaticcontrolling means for said duplex damper which imposes certain novelmodes of operation upon the duplex damper and produces improved and newresults in aounit apparatus, (3) a toggle mechanism for operating theduplex damper, (4:)V means for directing and deiecting/ the air in theapparatus for 'various novel functions, (5) means for dividin the casinginto distinct, but intercommunleating, chambers adapted to certainlybring about novel results in a heating and ventilating unit, (6) toprovide, in combination with the foregoing novel features, humidifyingand cleansing means adapted to treat the hot air only passing throughthe unit, and (7) to bring about, inl the unit, more positive resultsthan heretofore possible both in the delivery of ht air and cold airfrom the ap ratus; to provide a form of radiator which produces amaximum of B. t. us., with a' minimum' of heating fluid, economically,simply and effectively, and which is li ht,

strong, durable and provides am le radlating surface in apparatus of preetermined size and for predetermined purposes; and to nov providecertain details of construction which are fstrong, durable and effectiveand whichl In order that my invention may be clearlyunderstood, I haveprovided ldrawings wherein:

Figure 1 is a view showing in front elevation a unit heating andVentilating apparatus embodying-my invention, with parts broken away tovshow details of construction, and with a thermostatic controllingdevice diagrammatically shown for purposes of illustration, the duplexdamper in this figure bev ing shown in the closed position;

Figure 2 is a section substantially on the line 2-2 of Figure 1, showingdetails of constructionof Figure 1 and the duplex damper for controllingthe flow of air through the apparatus set to the opposite extreme orentirely open Y,

Figure 3 is a view similar to Figure 2, but showing a different form ofapparatus in certain essential details;

. Figure 4 is a view similar to Figure 3 showing only the upper part ofthe apparatus embodying another for-m of my invention; and

Figure 5 is a view similar to Figure 4 showing hand operated means forcontrolling the duplex damper. l ,y

Referring to the drawings, Figures 1 and 2, the base of the apparatus iscomposed of the outer, vertical sheet metal members 1 so combined as toproduce a rectangular casing of any desired dimensions. As shown inFigure 2, the bottom member 2 and the back wall or member are of singlethickness sheet metal, while the front wall and side walls, see Figures1 and 2, are made double by adding an innersheet metal casing 3,separated from the casing 1 suiiciently to produce an air chamber 4, inwhich dead air exists, which is' adapted to insulate the cuter wallsfrom the inner walls to prevent heat conduction from the radiationchamber 5, in which the radiating unit 6 is located. This radiator orradiation unit is composed of a plurality of tubes which may be of anylength, cross-sectional shape`\and diameter desired, and which may bemade of any light metal such as copper, brass, tin, or other sheetmetal,or which may be drawn or cast as may be found desirable or economical.These radiator tubesare connected at their opposite ends to sealedheaders providing inlet chamber 7 and outlet chamber 8, and which are inthe form of rectangular end casings common to all the tubes. Saidchambers are, respectively, provided lthe base of the apparatus onsuitable angles 8'L between the front and back walls and two end or sidewalls and occupies nearly all the spacewithin the base of the apparatusexcepting only a small chamber at the bottom of the base in which thecleaning and humidifying pan 11 is located. The space or chamber belowthe radiator in which the water pan is located is properly termed thehumidifying chamber and is indicated by' 12.

. As shown Jin Figure 2, the radiator is so constructed as to give toits upper end or surface an obtuse angular form, and an extreme upperhorizontal portion," The radiator occupies all of the heating chamber 5excepting a small portion just below the motor board 14, which latterextends across and closes the top of the heating. chamber. The -front ofthe motor board has openings 15 through which the fresh air may bedriven from the fans or blowers presently described. The

' casing above the heating chamber is formed into a motor and blowerchamber 16 closed by a front plate 17 hinged at its bottom at 18 andlocked in position in any suitable way at its top 19. The top member ofthe blower chamber, indicated at 20, is provided with an opening acrosswhich a grille 21 is placed to prevent articles from passingtherethrough, the chamber 16 at its top under the grille 21 beingprovided with a rectangular damper chamber 22`formed by the casingmembers 23. Within the chamber 16 and mounted upon the motor board 14 anelectric motor 24 is located and supported in any suitable manner, sothat its shaft 25 may be extended laterally in opposite directions andhave mounted thereon at its opposite ends the blowers 26, which arepreferably inthe form of centrifugal fans which take the air in from thechamber 16 at the eye or axis thereof.

The fans or blowers are located directly over the openings 15 in themotor board and are surrounded by fan shields'? which conne and directthe air, slippingo the blades of the fans, directly downwardly fromtheir flared ends through the openings 15 in the motor boardthe shieldsbeing so formed and disposed as to close the back of the fans at thesurface of the motor board, as at 28, and leave a large opening from thesaid shields communicating with the openingsl into the base of theapparatus. n Below the motor board 14, and directly under the openings15 thereof and extending entirely across the base 1 at the top thereof,and above the obtuse `angular portion of the radiator, is ahy-pass fromwhich -is through the discharge openlng 30 at the top of the base and atthe front of therasing below the hinge 18 of the front plate 17. Thedischarge openin at- 30 is protected or covered bya grille owirematerial the same as at 21 or opening of they chamber 22. Theby-pass chamber 29 may be made as extensive as is found to be necessaryby regulatingthe size of the radiator 6 in the heating chamber 5; andsaid by-pass chamber 29 is bounded by the double casing Walls at 'itsfront and opposite ends, bythe radiator 6 at its bottom, by the motorboard 14 at its top and by the balile plate 31 at its back. Securcdtothe motor board 14 at the rear wall ofthe openings 15 is the curvedbaille-plate 31 which depends into the bypass chamber, and separatestheback of the latter from the heating chamber 5,-the baille also havingthe function of a support and limiting means for one membelof the duplexdamper presently described. uAsupport for the other member of the duplexdamper is in the form of a ledge 32, composed of an angle of metalsecured to the inner wall 3 of the casing at th/el front of the heatingchamber just above the top of the radiator, the said ledge being solocated as to arrest the member of the duplex damper in a horizontalosition simultaneously with the contact o the other member of the duplexdamper with the baille and support 31. At opposite ends ofthe' by-passchamber 29, guideways are formed by pairs of angles 33 spaced apart andin parallelism and secured to the inner side Walls 3 of the casing base.The jguiding channel or guideway between the two angles 33 affordsatrack for the opposite ends of a rod 34, which ends may be provided withantifrictional means cooperative with the walls ofthe guideways. Ther'od34, at its opposite ends, adjacent the angles 33, has swiveledthereon for circular movement pairsof arms or links 35 respectivelyconnected pivotally at their lower ends, as at 36, to ears or lugsextending from the members 37 and 38 of a duplex damper, the inner endsor edges o f which damper members are pivotally mount ed upon a rod 39ixed at its opposite ends to the opposite end walls of the casing baseat the vertex of the obtuse angle forming one part of the top of theradiator or at the bottom ofthe by-pass chamber 29. In Figure 2,

the open position of the duplex damper is shown in full lines and theclosed @position of said dampe'r is shown in dotted lines. The rod 34 israised vand lowered in the guiding channel or track between' the angles33 by means of the vertically extending, centrally disposed rod 40swiv-eld to the rod 34 at its lower end and pivotally connected at 41 tothe outer end of the horizontal lever 42, pivotally mounted at its innerend, as at43, to a lug depending from the casing 44 of an air motor ofwell-known form operated pneumatically under thermostatic control, aspresently described. The plunger 45 of thel motor is pivotally connectedto the lever 42 near the pivotal point 43;"and the lever 42 i's normally.partially sustained in horizontal osition by the spring 46, which alsohas the unction of aiding in the collapse of the bellows of the motor 44by lifting the lever 42 after it has 'beendepressed by the plunger 45 ofthe motor, and has-the further function of lifting the members of theduplex damper when occasion requires, according to the rule of operationof the apparatus. The motor has leading thereto a pipe 47, which conveysthe air from the source of compressed air, said pipe beingconnected inusual manner by a valve with the thermostatic controlling meansindicated onlydiagrammatically at 48, Figure 1.

Details of thevthermostatic control and of.

the motor or operating means are not disclosed, since specifically suchdetails form no part of my invention; but, it is Well understood that,when the controlling device is set at a predetermined degree fortemperature in the room Where the apparatus islocated, and thetemperature reaches that degrec, the controlling means Will admit airftothe pipe 47, which vwill expand a bellows or operate a pump in thecasing 44, resulting in causing the plunger 45- to descend and swing thelever 42 downwardly around its pivot 43, and thus expand the spring 46and depress the rods 40 and 34, the latter being guided between theangles` 33 so as to operate the toggle links 35 and depress the duplexdamper members 37 and 38 to the-dotted line position shown in Figure 2,thus completely cutting ol' the heating chamber and the radiator thereinand permitting all the fresh, cold air entering the blower chamber 16 topass from the latter through the motor board openings 15 into the bypasschamber and directly out through the discharge opening 30 into the roomwhere the apparatus is located. Reverse operation of the duplex damper'is brought about by the thermostatic controlling means when thetemperature in the room reaches a predetermined degree, whereupon'thebellows or pump in the casing 44 is exhausted or reversed in operation,permitting the plunger 45 to rise under the lifting actionv of the'lever 42,.produced by the spring 46, this operation lifting the rods 4()and'34,lwlrich latter draws upon the toggle lin-ks 3 5, which in turnlift the 'rnembers-B'f and 38 ofthe duplex damper by the fans' from thechamber lfthrough n thermostatic control, the motor willalso operate toregulate the position of the damper members 37 and 33 at any one of aplurality of positions between the full line positions shown in Fi'gure2 and the dotted line positions in said figure, this regulationresulting in causing a portion of the cold air driven downwardly fromthe chamber 16 to pass down through the radiator and upwardly therefromand out through the discharge opening 30, anda portion of said air topass directly through the by-pass chamber 29 and outwardly through thedischarge opening 30. This operation provides for mixing hot and coldair to -practically any degree required or desired, according to theregulation of the thermostatic controlling means, since, according tothe position of the damper members 37 and 38, more or less of cold airwill pass from the chamber 16 into and out of the by-pass chamber 29,and into and out of the heating chamber 5; and as the heated air inthechamber 5 rises through the radiator 6 fr discharge through the by-passchamber 29 and the opening 30, it will combine and mix with thecold airpassing Jfrom the chamber 16 through the chamber 29 above the dampermembers 37 and 38, and out through the discharge opening 30. Thus thetemperature in the room is regulated by the admission of more or less ofcold and hot air,

since the apparatus can vdeliver varying vol-r umes of cold and hot` airtogether, or hot V air entirely, or 4cold air entirely. These areimportant functionalresults and especially since, when it is desired tocool the room quickly, cold air can be driven directly thereinto withoutbeing in any measure or degree tempered `by hotair from chamber 5 orfrom the radiator 6. Thus, cooling of the room where the unit is locatedcan. be accomplished quickly under automatic control and'radical changesin temperature can be quickly brought about. It isalso an importantfeature of my invention that the duplex damper can `be quickly, easilyand positively manipulated, due to both the character of the actuatingmeans, including a toggle joint, the form of the damper, the location ofthe latter in a by-pass chamber distinct from the blower and heatingchamber, and the disposition otsaid damper in the by-pass chamber.Another importantvfeature of my invention is that, with the tog lemechanism shown, exact and accurate adjustments between extremes of thedamper movements can be obtained and held indefinitely under the controlof the automatic thermostatic means located in the same room with theunit.

Recirculation through the apparatus of Figures 1 and 2 can be broughtabout by manipulating the multiplex dampers at the inlet 49 and thechamber 22. That is to say, the bottom of the chamber 22 is providedwith a multiplex damper 50, the members of which are of the balancedtype pivotally mounted centrally and connected by links 51 to a bar orrod 52, in turn pivotally connected to the upper end of a bell-cranklever 53 pivotally connected at the'other end to a rod 54, to whichthelinks 55 are pivotally connected, said links being in turn pivoted,respectively, to the centrallypivoted balanced members 56 of a multiplexdamper mounted in the casing member 57 of thefinlet opening to theemotorand blower chamber 16. This structure is shown in detail in Figure 3,parts being omitted from Figure 2 in order to avoid confusion oflines.,Thus when the multiplex damper 56 is open, as shown in Figurei2, themultiplex damper 50 will be closed, while, when the latter is open, theinlet damper 56 will be closed, these operations being brought about bya rod connection 58 extended from the pivot of the bell-crank lever 53,a handle 59 outside the casing near the top of the blower chamber beingprovided for the purpose of easy manipulation. With the damper 50 openand y the damper 56 closed, and the blowers in 100 operation, the air inthe room may be drawn downwardly through the chamber 22 and driven fromthe motor chamber 16 downwardly into the by-pass and heating chambers,the damper members 37 and 38 being 105 manipulated automatically throughthe thermostatic control and motor mechanism, as previously described.This may be desirable in exceedingly cold weather or under circumstancesrequiring a rapid rise of tem- 110 perature in the room wherethe-apparatus is located. It is to be particularly noted that thestructure of mechanism, in the form of my apparatus shown in Figures' 1and 2, pro- 115 v1 es for a compact arrangement of the mon tor 44 andits mechanism and of the blowers chamber may be driven down into theheating" chamber, using the dampers in the bypass chamber, in the solidline position of igure 2, as a deflecting medium for directing the coldair, thus driven down from the motor chamber 16, to the back of theheating chamber and the radiating pipes or coils therein, from whichback the air is deiiected downwardly linto the humidiryingchamber and incontact with the surface of the water in the pan or basin thereof, andfrom which, both under pressure and its natural tendency to rise, thehot air will return through the radiator at the front of the casing andpass u wardly through the by-pass chamber and t e discharge 30, theduplex damper again operating, in its full line position Figure 2, as adeflector to direct the heated .air through the dischargeopening 30 andprevent it from coming in contact with the cold air entering on theother side of the duplex damper.

Thus the cold air entering at the left of the duplexY damper is causedto descend-and circulate downwardly through the radiator, and thenupwardly through the radiator, which latter acts upon the air for acomparatively long period' resulting in quickly and mate- Y riallyraising the temperature of the air in the unit -before discharge intothe room through the opening 30. This is also true in cases ofrecirculation of the air of the room through the apparatus bringingabout a very rapid rise oftemperature.

The effectiveness of the operation of the apparatus is greatl increasedby the air chamber 4 provided 1n the front and sides of the base of thecasing, since the provision of such air chamber prevents the outercasing from becoming overheated and radiating its heat into theroomafter the duplex" damper has been so manipulated as to supply coldair or only warm air 'to the room in which the apparatus is located. Theinsulating, or air chamber 4, or, in other" words,

the double casing, also prevents the escape of heat from the apparatusexcept in predetermined manner ;"that is to say, the air is confined inthe base of the apparatus and becomes intensely hot, enabling`quick'risesin temperature to take place in the room where the apparatusis located. These are features of great importance since they bringabout the desired effectiveness of temperature coni trol through themedium of the duplex damper automatically operated by the temperature inthe room where the apparatus `is located.

In the form of .my invention shown in Figure 3, all the parts of theapparatus and the various damperslwhich are similar to those shown inFigures 1 and 2 are indicated by the same reference characters. Thiswill Serve toidentify the details of construction of the one apparatuswith those of the other,

and accentuate the-diiferences upon which same mechanism, as in Figure2.

stress is to be laid in the following.. Primarily, it is to be notedthat the radiator 60 is differentin form, though, in details/ofconstruction, is or may be the same as that shown in Figures land 2. Thedifference in form resides in the fact that the entire top of theradiator is flat or horizontal, instead of obtuse angular, as shown inFigure 2. The by-pass In the apparatus shown in Figure 3, the air inlet61 is arranged below'the motor and blower chamber and directly below themotor board support 62, which, in addition to having' the front openings15, as shown in Figure 2, is provided with the rear inlet opening 63'therethrough into the motor chamber at the back of the fan shields. Theinlet is thus made considerably below the window-sill or window openingshown in Figure 2, through. the wall of the building and maybe,'consequently, directly through an opening in the wall or connectedwith a liuc or air conduit from some lower portion of the buildingaccording to convenience or architectural structure, or from some upperportion of the building exposed to the outside atmosphere from whichcold, clean air can be taken'into the apparatus. The inlet opening 61 isbarred and shut off from the'by-pass and heating ure 2 and extendsthrough the passage 63 in the motor .board and into the inlet chamber66.

. In. all other respects the Figre 3fvorm of i my invention-is or may-besu tantially the same as shown in FigureQ, and the same mode ofoperation is carried out with the same functional results as detailed inconnection \witli Figures 1 and 2. The-.importance ofthe form of myinvention shown in Figure 3 is that the apparatus may be madeconsiderably smaller andlower, and can be 'adapted to other openings inthe wall or walls of the building than the window openings, and thelatter, .1n consequence, are left free, open and unobstructed, This issometimes an 1mportant desiderat` Recirculation is brought about in theform of my invention of Figure 3, the same as vin that of Figure 2; andthe form of my invention in Figure 3 is subject to automatic,thermostatic andgnotor control, the same as described with reference tothe form of Fig- 105 considerably longer than the one'54 in Figareapplied to the similar structural In Figure 4, 4I have shown a form ofmy invention wherein the inlet 67 is or may be in substantially the sameposition as in Figure 3; but, the motor or pump 68 is connected to thebottom of the motor board and deof the latter is connected by .an arm 71having a pin and slot connection 72 with the lever 69 at its lower end,said arm 71 being carried by the rod 34, guided in the track between theangles 33.v The lever 69 is extended. through a slot in the balile '73at the back of the inlet chamber 67, and also through a slot in theduplex damper member 37. This form lof my invention makes for reductionin the size of the top ofthe casing or of the motor and blower chamber,and thus reduction in the height of the apparatus. It also makes forsimplicity and economy in construction of the means for manipulating theduplex damper under thermostatic control. In this form of my inventionthe functional mode of operation of the multiplex damper, underthermostatic control and for all its uses and purposes, is the same asin the form of my invention disclosedv in Figures 2 and 3.

In the form of my invention shown in Figure 5, I have provided formanipulating the duplex damper by hand operated means. This mode ofoperation is carried into eifect by exten'ding a slotted arm 74laterally from the rod 34, forming part of the toggle operating meansfor the duplex damper, which arm is part of a bell-crank lever, theother slotted arm 75 of which is connected vat its lower end to ashiftable rod 76, which may be slid or rotated in the sleeve 77aifording a bearing therefor by manipulating the handle 78. Thebell-crank lever 74-7 5 is mounted upon a rod 79 fixed at its oppositeends in the side Walls of the casing of the base near the dischargeopening 30. By moving the lower end of the arm l75 inwardly through themedium of the rod 76, the arm 74 of the bellcrank lever is lifted,thereby lifting the rod 34, carrying the toggle links 35, and thussimultaneously lifting the members 37-38 of the 'duplex damper, thelatter being thus shifted into the. full line position shown in Figure2. To shift the members of the duplex'damper into the full line positionshown in Figure 5, the rod 76 is reversed in action, thus shifting thlower end'of the arm 75 outwardly and lowering the arm 7 4, thusspreading the toggle and lowering the members of the duplex damper. cArm 74 is slotted at its inner end so that the rod 34 may'play thereinand arm 75 is slotte-d at its lower end so that a pin on rod 76 may playtherein, thus Giving the bell-crank freedom of movement tfor thepurposes stated.v

In other respects the form of my invention ,in Figure 5 is the same asthat shown in Figure 2, and the duplex damper of Figure 5 can obviouslybe automatically operated by the. y

thermostatic controlling means shown in Figures 1, 2 and 3. .On theother hand, the duplex dampers shown in the other forms of my inventioncan be operated or controlled by hand, asshown, for example, in Figure5. Other apparatus for manipulating the duplex damper may be employed;that is to say, the duplex dampers may be manipulated by electricalmeans, pneumatic means, or by hand operated means as shown, for example,in Figure 5, or by thermostaticallyy controlled means,- as shown, forexample, in the other forms of my invention.

' In Figures 2 to 5, inclusive, I have shown a deflector 80, connectedtothe sides of the base adjacent the pivotal point of the duplex damper 3738, and depending into the heating chamber 5 at an angle such as toenable it to operate as a shunt or defiector for the air going into theradiator, or heating chamber and out of the latterthrough the 'discharge30. This deflector may be more extenfsive than shown in the drawings soas to enter considerably between the tubes of the radiator. Its functionis to deflect the cold air entering the heating chamber through thebypass chamber when the duplex damper is in.

the full line position shown in Figure 2. In this position of thedampers, the inner member 37 also operates as a deflector for the coldair driven down by the blower through the by-pass chamber into theheating chamber. The air thus deected by the damper member and thedeflector 8() depending into the heating chamber is driven between thetubes of the radiator to the back wall of the heating chamber. From theback wall of the heating chamber the air is deflected downwardly intothe humidifying chamber where it is cleansed and humidified bythe Waterin the pan 11; The clean air is then deiected' from the surface of theWater upwardly at an angle to the front wall of the heating f,

chamber, passing between the tubes of the radiator. From the front wallof the heating chamber the cleansed and heated air is deflected upwardlyand also passes upwardlyV through the by-pass chamber 29 and the dis- Iparatus is im ortant, since the air is twice in the full line positionof Figures 3, 4 and A5,'y no cold or fresh air can enter the heatingchamber in any circumstance. On the contrary, the cold or fresh air isdriven by the blower directly into contact with the upper surface of themember 37 of1 the duplex damper, and from thence is driven directlycharge 30 into the room. Thus no heating of the cold air takes place anda quick drop of temperature in the room where the apparatus is locatedcan be brought about. With the lduplex damper set, either by hand orunder thermostatic control at any intermediate position between the twoextremes of full and dotted line positions shown inl Figure 2, anydesired mixture of cold and hot air can be brought about, since,according to the position of the members of the duplex damper, more orless of cold air will pass into the heating chamber and therefromthrough the by-pass chamber and from Vthe discharge 30, while more orless of cold a1r will pass through the by-pass chamber above the membersof the duplex damper and mix with the hot air rising from the heatingchamber and passing through the by-pas's chamber 29 and the discharge30. These modes of operation are highly important and upon them I desiretolay stress, since no other apparatus known to me can accomplish theseunctions. l vAnother important rfeature of my invention` is that the-members of the duplexl damper, under control of the several mechanismsshown, move the same distance. in opposite'directions; that 1s to say,member "'37 moves the, same distance from the full line,

Figure 2, to the dotted line position that the member 38 does from thefull line position to the dotted line position. Thus both members reachtheir respective seats v31 and 32 at the same time and reach the fullline position from the dotted line position at the same time, moving atthe same speed. It is also important that, when the members of theduplexdam er are shifted tothe dotted line osition of igure2 and full lineposition of `igures'3, 4 and 5, the hot air chamber and the radiator arecompletely cut oi, for the functional reasons heretofore stated.

As shown in Figure 2, the apparatus is set in front of a window with itsinlet lcasing member 57 at rest upon the window-sill at the bottom andhaving the window-sash low- Y eredto contact with the casing at the-top.

Thusthe window openinglis utilized to the insulatin extent desired,.andno alteration is necessary in the building at the point where the appa-vratus is installed. This is also true of the form of apparatus shown inFigure 5.

In the form of apparatus shown in Figures 3 and 4, the inlet casing isfitted to an opening which goes directly through the Wall of thebuilding at any point below the window-sill or windowopening, or at anypoint in the wall of the building remote from a Window opening.Moreover, the inlet 61 may have communication with flues or a conduitextending from the outside of the building atsome remote gested.

The location of the pumps which are operated by the 'thermostaticcontrolling means is such as to bring about a compact structure savingspace in the casing and enabling the parts to be compactly arranged.

The inner lining or casing 3 may be composed of any material foundsuitable for the purpose; but, it is of my invention that heat prevent te radiation of heat from the inner casing wall 3 to the between chamber4.

However, it` will be understood that thel point, as heretofore sugmaterial may be used so as to below that, as the air slips off theblades of the fans dueto centrifugal actionof the latter, the tendencyof the air is to pass directly through the by-pass chamber, when theduplex dampers are open, into the heating chamber and toward the rearwall of the lat- Y,

ter, On the other hand, when the duplex dampers are closed so as tocover the heating chamber, the air driven by the fans will v-strikedirectly against the innerv member of the duplex damper 'and bedeflected or sh'untchamber 30.

Aed outwardly directly through the discharge i In the unit of my presentinvention the y following 'are yimportant features:

The heating chamber is very large as com'- pared with the by-passchamber, thus enabling a large volume of air-,driven by the blowers tobe quickly heated to a very high degree andk discharged into the roomfrom the apparatus, resulting i-n raisingvthe teIrrperatureof the 'roomto lthe predetermined degree very rapldly; the by-pass chamber islocated at the top ofthe heatingchamber and extends partly across thelatter, this 'ar-'1 rangement conserving space and enabling hot andycold air to be mixed inthe apparatus 'ustprior to its discharge into',the room; the

y-pass chamber is located between the heatlng and blower chambers in thedirect path of the air between the two; the blowerchamber communicatesdirectly with the by-pass chamber through the flared mouth of the fanshield, thus enabling the air driven by the blower to be properlydirected for discharge either directly from the by-pass chamber orthrough the latter into the heating chamber; the by-pass chamber leadsdirectly from the blower chamber to the discharge outlet of the unit,thus giving a short, direct path for the cold air from the outside ofthe building to the inside thereof through the apparatus ;k the deliveryof air,-hot, cold or tempered,- from the unit is through the by-passchamber; the delivery of cold air to the heater or heating chamber isthrough the by-pass chamber; and, when the damper is closed xover theheating chamber, no hot air can be gragged or induced from the heatingcham- From the foregoing it will also be seen and understood that, whenthe duplex damper is closed to completely shut off the heating chamber,so that the cold air may iow directly from the blower chamber throughthe by-pa-ss chamber and be discharged into the room, the humidifying'chamber and pan do not function; that is to say, the air entering' theapparatus through the inlet" and driven by the blower directly' into theroom through the by-pass chamber, and completely by-passing the heatingchamber, does not ordinarily need humidifying, since it carries more orless of moisture ordi-` narily-'suflicient for. all purposes. However,

, when the airentering the apparatus is `driven through the heatingchamber, its humidity is more or less eliminated and should be sup'-plied with ordinary humidity which is furnished by the pan in the lowerpart of the apparatus before the into the room.

It will also be understood that the chamber 29, particularly termed aby-pass chamber, is also a mixing chamber or combined by-pass hot 'airis discharged `and mixing chamber; that is to say, viewing Figures 2 and3 particularly, it will be seen t-hat, under thermostatic control, theduplex damper may be shifted so that its members- 37 and 38 maymovegradually in opposite` directions fromthe full line position shown inFigure 2 to the dotted line position shown in Figure 2, and vice versa.This gradual movement of the members of the duplex damper may be foronly a limited degree at any one time or Iduring a short period of time,and, according to the control of the thermostatic means, the members ofthe duplex damper maybe indenitely held stationary in any one of manyintermediate positions between the extremes indicated by the full lineposition of the damper members in Figure 2 and the dotted line positionof the damper members in said ligure. In other words, while thethermostatic controlling means may, due to conditions in the room wherethe unit is located, slowl shiftrthe members of the duplex damper romone extreme position to another, it may also shift the members of theduplex damper to any one of many intermediate positions and hold saidmembers indefinitely in such positions. This capability Aof operationwill be understood clearly upon reference to Figures 2 and 3, wherein Ihave indicated by dotted radial lines many different intermediatepositions of adjustment of the members of the duplex damper, orpositions between extremes of movement of the members of saiddamper,said radial lines being lettered consecutively a, b, c, forexample. In fact, during the operation' of the apparatus, thethermostatic controlling means, `as the temperature rn the room rises,or reaches a predetermined .degree of temperature, may shift the membersof the duplex damper continuously for a short period and through a shortarc, or it may shift the members of the duplex damper slowly, degree bydegree, and in each position hold the adjustment indefinitely. It willbe understood that. such adjustments will depend entirely foregoing, andWhile the said members are in any of the intermediate positions, coldair driven down by the blowers through the pas- A sages 15 will gopartly into the heating chamber and partly into the by-pass chamber; andA that portion of the air which goes into the by-pass chamber will mixtherein on its way through the discharge 30 with the heated airemanating from and rising vertically through the radiator and heatingchamber and passing intothe bye-pass chamber before discharge at 30.Thus, the hot air flowing from the l heating chamber is mixed with coldair flowing through the by-pass chamber, the mixture taking place in thelatter, resulting in tempered air being discharged atw 30 into the roomof location of the unit.

As heretofore stated, the radiator is light and has very high thermalefliciency, due to the fact that it is composed of thin tubes disposedhorizontally in the heating chamber, the thin tubes terminating atopposite ends in headers or end chambers 7 and 8, which extend, in eachinstance, from front to rear of the machine or casing and from bottom totop of the heating chamber. The width of the headers may be of anypredetermined extent, dependent upon requirements of strength,

iable amount of heat in addition to that which is radiated by thetubes6. This structure is a material `aid in giving a high degree ofeiiiciency to the radiator and in rendering the unit capable of quicklyheating the cold air drawn into and driven through the apparatus by theblower. In fact, in zero weather the apparatus is capable of raising thetemperature of the air passing through the same andv discharging it intothe room of location of the unit at upwards of 80 F. On the other hand,under the thermostatie control the apparatus is capable of beingoperated 0n a 2 variationof temperature in the room of location, and ofmaintaining a roomtemperature of approximately any predetermined degreeof temperature.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim and 'desire to secureby Letters Patent is y l. A heating and Ventilating unit consisting of acasing having means dividing it into a blower chamber, a heatingchamber, a liumidifying chamber, and a by-pass chamber, the by-passchamber being located entirely above tlie heating chamber and at thefront of the casing; a damper located to operate between the heatingchamber and the by-pass chamber and being suliiciently extensive toentirely close the heating chamber and define the bottom of the by-passchamber; and means for actuating the damper so as to control vthetemperature of the air delivered by the unit.

2. A'heating and Ventilating unit compris- 'ing a casing having meansdividing it into a blower chamber, a by-pass chamber, and a heatingchamber, the` said several chambers being located the one under theother in the order named, and the by-pass chamber havin a damperoperating therein to entirely cut o the heating chamber from the blowerchamber and define the bottom of the by-pass chamber for the purpose ofcontrolling the assage pass chamber and ada ted to cut olil the heatingchamber entirely rom the byass chamber 'and to define the bottom of t eby-pass chamber; and means for actuating the damper to control the sizeofthe passage between the i two chambers.

4. A heatin and Ventilating unit comprising a casing aving a by-pass andheating chamber; a damper located between the two chambers and, when inopen position, being adapted to divide the by-pass chamber, said damperbeing of duplex vform; and means for actuating the two parts of thedamper to control. the admission of cold air to the heating chamber andthe vdischarge of hot air from the heating chamber.

5. A heatin and Ventilating unit comprising a casing ivided into alblower chamber, a heating chamber, and a by-pass chamber, the latterbeing located between the other two chambers; a dam er of duplex formmounted to operate in the ly-pass chamber; and means for actuating thetwo parts of the damper to control the admission of cold air to theheating chamber and the discharge of hot air from the heating chamber.

6. A heatino' and. Ventilating unit comprising a casing divided into ablower chamber, and by-pass and heating chambers located lbelow theblower chamber; a damper of duplex form mounted to operate below theblower chamber and to define the-bottom of the by-pass chamber; andmeans vfor actuating the two parts of the damper to control theadmission of air to and the delivery of air from the by-pass and heatingchambers.

7. A heating and Ventilating unit comprising a casing having meansdividing it into a blowerchamber, a by-pass chamber, and a heatingchamber; and `a duplex damper` lo cated between the heating and by-passchambers so as to control the inlet to and the outlet from the heatingchamber. and to define the bottom of the by-pass chamber and means foractuating the duplex damper to bring about the foregoing control and sothat the heating chamber may be completely cut off y from the blowerchamber.

8. In a heating and Ventilating unit having means dividing its spaceintoa heating chamber and' ahy-pass chamber located wholly above theheating chamber; a duplex damper located in the by-pass chamber andadapted to cut the same oli" from the heatin chamber;

and toggle means for actuating t the damper. v -v 9'. In a heating andVentilating unit having e parts of means dividing its space into 'aheating cham-` ber and al by-pass chamberlocated wholly above theheating chamber; a duplex damper located in the by-pass chamber andadapted to cut the. same off from the heating chamber; toggle means foractuating the parts of the damper; and means for automaticallycontrollin the operation of the toggle means.

10. heating and Ventilating unit comprising a casing having a blowerchamber, a heatin chamber and a by-pass chamber; a duplex amper locatedand operating in the by-pass chamber toggle means for actuating theparts of the damper; a motorin the blower chamber; and connectionsbetween the motor and toggle for actuating the latter.

11. A heating and Ventilating lunit comprising a casing having alby-pass and heating chamber; a damper located -between the two chambersand when in open position, being adapted to divide the by-pass chamber;means for actuating the damper to open and close the passage between thetwo chambers; and a detlector depending into the heating chamber andadapted to shunt the air passing between the chambers in two dierentdirections.

12. A heating and Ventilating unit having two intercommunicatingchambers, a twopart damper, and means whereby the parts of the dampermay be operated in opposite directions, whereby to entirely close one ofthe chambers and open the other.

13. A heating and Ventilating unit comprising a casing divided into aplurality of chambers, one of the` chambers being at the top of thecasing and adapted to contain blowers land avmotor for operating thelat.- ter; another of the chambers being at the bottom of the casing andadapted to contain a heatin element; another and smaller chambers einglocated between the heating and blower chambers and having a damperoperating therein adapted to shut oi the, heatinlglchamber from theblower chamber; and st' another chamber located between the heating andblower chambers and in rear of the smaller chamber and communicatingwith the blower chamber to admit fresh air thereto.

to rear thereof -land vadapted to contain v blowers; and a motorfforoperating the latter; another of the chambers being at the bottom`of thevcasing and extending from front to rear thereof and adapted'to containa heatin` element; another and smallerv chamber g located -between theheating Leeaeao and blower chambers and at the front of the casing andhaving a two-part damper operating therein adapted to entirely shut 0Hthe heating chamber` from the blower chamber by defining the bottom ofthe smallery chamber; and still another chamber located between theheatin and blower-chambers and at the rear of te casing and arranged tocommunicate with the blower chamber to admit fresh air thereto.

15. A heating and Ventilating unit comprising a casing having adischarge opening at its front and divided into a plurality of chambers,one of the chambers being at the top of the casing and adapted tocontain blowers; and a motor for operating the latter; another of thechambers being at the bottom of the casingv and adapted to contain aheatin element; and two other chambers located etween the heating andblower chambers, one being adapted for the inlet of fresh air and beingin communication with the blower chamber, and the other' being adaptedto by-pass the fresh air driven from the lower chamber and being incommunication with the latter and with said discharge opening; and meansbetween the heating chamber and the b -pass chamber for isolating theheating c amber from the .blower chamber.

16. A heating and Ventilating unit comprisin a casing divided into ablower chamber, a y-pass chamber and a heating chamber, theseveralchambers being located one above the other; and a damper ofduplex form mounted between the heating and bypass chambers; and meansfor actuating the the damper may controlthe admission of cold air intoYthe heating chamber and the discharge of hot air from the heating cham-iber. t

MICHAEL J. oAL-LAHAN.

